Turbo machine with a bridge made of ceramic matrix composite (CMC)
专利摘要:
A turbomachine (2) includes a turbine section (4) containing a turbine inlet (12). A transition piece (10) includes a transition piece inlet (30) and a transition piece outlet (31). A ceramic matrix composite (CMC) bridge member (54, 55) connects the transition piece outlet (31) to the turbine inlet (12). 公开号:CH703864B1 申请号:CH01548/11 申请日:2011-09-16 公开日:2016-01-15 发明作者:Jeffrey John Butkiewicz;Andres Jose Garcia-Crespo;Stanley Frank Simpson 申请人:Gen Electric; IPC主号:
专利说明:
Background to the invention The subject matter disclosed herein relates to a turbo-machine having a ceramic matrix composite bridge connecting a transition piece to a turbine section of a turbomachine. Generally, gas turbine engines burn a fuel / air mixture that releases heat energy to form a high temperature gas stream. The high temperature gas stream is directed to a turbine section via a hot gas path. The turbine section converts the heat energy from the high temperature gas stream into mechanical energy that rotates a turbine shaft. The turbine section may be used in a variety of applications, such as providing power to a pump or an electric generator. Many gas turbine engines include an annular combustor in which combustion gases are generated which form the high temperature gas stream. Other turbomachines use multiple combustors arranged in an annular array. In such a turbomachine, the hot gas path includes a transition piece connecting a group of combustion chambers to a first stage of the turbine section. The combustion gases generated in the combustor group are delivered through the transition piece to the turbine section. The transition piece / turbine section interface is usually exposed to high temperatures and thus requires cooling to extend component life. Object of the present invention is, therefore, the transition piece / turbine section interface to design so that it withstands without adverse effects and without the need for a cooling air flow higher temperatures. Brief description of the invention The invention relates to a turbomachine having a turbine section with a turbine inlet and a transition piece with a transition piece inlet and a transition piece outlet. A ceramic matrix composite (CMC) bridge element connects the transition piece outlet to the turbine inlet. Further advantageous embodiments of the invention will become apparent from the following description taken in conjunction with the drawings. Brief description of the drawings The accompanying drawings show:<Tb> FIG. 1 <SEP> is a partial cross-sectional view of a turbomachine including a ceramic matrix composite (CMC) bridge that includes first and second CMC bridge members that seal a junction between a transition piece and a turbine section according to an exemplary embodiment;<Tb> FIG. Fig. 2 <SEP> is a bottom right perspective view of the first CMC bridge element of Fig. 1;<Tb> FIG. 3 <SEP> is a cross-sectional side view of a CMC bridge element according to another exemplary embodiment;<Tb> FIG. 4 <SEP> is a cross-sectional side view of a CMC bridge element according to yet another exemplary embodiment; and<Tb> FIG. 5 <SEP> is a cross-sectional side view of a CMC bridge element according to yet another exemplary embodiment. The detailed description explains embodiments of the invention together with advantages and features by way of example with reference to the drawings. Detailed description of the invention The terms "axial" and "axial" as used in this application refer to directions and orientations that are substantially parallel to a central longitudinal axis of a turbomachine. The terms "radial" and "radial" as used in this application refer to directions and orientations that are substantially perpendicular to the central longitudinal axis of the turbomachine. The terms "upstream" and "downstream" as used in this application refer to directions and orientations relative to an axial flow direction with respect to the central longitudinal axis of the turbomachine. Referring to FIG. 1, a turbomachine 2 includes a turbine section 4 which is fluidly connected to a combustor (not shown) via a transition piece 10. The turbine section 4 includes a turbine section inlet 12 defined by an end wall 14. A first stage 16 of the turbine section 4 is located downstream of the turbine section inlet 12. The first stage 16 includes a plurality of vanes 17, only one of which is shown in FIG. 1, which directs combustion gases 18 to a plurality of first stage buckets 19, only one of which is shown in FIG. The combustion gases 18 flow axially into a transition piece inlet 30, pass through the transition piece 10, and enter the turbine section inlet 12 out of a transition piece outlet 31. At this point, the combustion gases 18 pass the vanes 17 before acting on the blades 19. The blades 19 convert thermal and kinetic energy from the combustion gases 18 into mechanical rotational energy used to rotate a shaft (not shown). In addition to the combustion gases 18, compressor discharge air 37 from a compressor section (not shown) enters an impeller clearance section 40 of the turbine section 4. According to an exemplary embodiment, the turbomachine 2 includes a ceramic matrix composite (CMC) bridge 47 connecting the transition piece outlet 31 to the turbine section inlet 12. According to the exemplary embodiment, the CMC bridge 47 is formed of silicon carbide-silicon carbide (SiC-SiC) composites, oxide-oxide composites, and / or silicon nitride composites. Of course, it should be understood that various other CMC materials can be used. The CMC bridge 47 includes a first CMC bridge element 54 disposed at an outer junction between the transition piece outlet 31 and the turbine section inlet 12, and a second CMC bridge element 55 located at an inner junction is disposed between the transition piece outlet 31 and the turbine section inlet 12. The first CMC bridge member 54 includes a main body 56 having an outer surface 57 and an inner surface 58. Likewise, the second CMC bridge member 55 includes a main body 59 having an outer surface 60 and an inner surface 61. The first CMC bridge element 54 includes a flow guide 64 which is disposed on the inner surface 58. The flow guide 64 directs combustion gases 18 away from the end wall 14. Similarly, the second CMC bridge member 55 includes a flow guide 66 disposed on the inner surface 61. The flow guide 66 directs combustion gases 18 away from the end wall 14 and / or interferes with crossflow vortex generation. In this arrangement, the end wall 14 is protected against damage that may result from exposure to combustion gases 18. In particular, combustion gases entering an inlet section 68 of the CMC bridge element 54 flow past the flow guide 64. The flow guide 64 directs the combustion gases 18 through an outlet portion 69 of the CMC bridge member 54 on a path that extends at an angle away from the end wall 14. Combustion gases entering an inlet section 71 of the CMC bridge member 55 similarly flow over the flow guide 66. The flow guide 66 directs the combustion gases 18 through an outlet section 72 of the CMC bridge member 55 on a path which is at an angle from the end wall 14 away. As best illustrated in FIG. 2, the first bridge member 54 includes a first portion 76 defining a first flange 77. The first section 76 leads to a second section 79, which is aligned substantially perpendicular to the first section 76. A third section 82 extends from the second section 79 and extends substantially parallel to the first section 76. A fourth section 85, which is substantially parallel to the second section 79, extends from the third section 82. A fifth portion 88, which is substantially parallel to the first and third portions 76 and 82, extends from the fourth portion 85. The third, fourth and fifth sections 82, 85 and 88, in combination with one another, form a second flange 89 connecting the first CMC bridge element 54 to the turbine section 4. In addition, the bridge member 54 includes first and second fasteners 90 and 91 formed in the second flange 89. Mechanical fasteners, one of which is indicated at 96 in FIG. 1, pass through the fasteners 90, 91 and the turbine section 4 to connect the first CMC bridge member 54 to the turbine section 4. The second flange 89 further includes a plurality of mounting members 98 and 99 that are aligned with pins (not shown) to position the first CMC bridge member 54 on the turbine section 4. Finally, the turbomachine 2 is illustrated as including first and second resilient seals 104 and 106 configured to communicate combustion gases at exit at the interface between the transition piece outlet 31 and the associated one inlet section 68 and 71 of the first and second, respectively CMC bridge element 54 and 55 to prevent. Reference is now made to Fig. 3, wherein like reference characters designate corresponding parts throughout the several views to describe a CMC bridge element 116 constructed in accordance with another exemplary embodiment. As will become more fully apparent below, the CMC bridge member 116 is secured to the turbine section 4 via a retaining ring 118 disposed on the turbine section inlet 12. The CMC bridge member 116 includes a main body 123 that includes an outer surface 130 and an inner surface 131 that defines an inlet portion 134 and an outlet portion 135. The CMC bridge member 116 includes a first flange 140 disposed on the inlet portion 134 and a second flange 143 disposed on the outlet portion 135. A fastener 147 extends substantially perpendicularly from the outer surface 130. The fastener 147 includes a dovetailed portion 149 which cooperates with a corresponding (not separately designated) structure on the retaining ring 118 to secure the CMC bridge member 116 to the turbomachine 2. As further illustrated in FIG. 3, a first resilient seal 154 extends between the inlet section 134 and the transition piece outlet 31, and a second resilient seal 157 extends between the outlet section 135 and the turbine section inlet 112 to prevent compressor exit air from entering the combustion chamber to flow around and enter the turbine inlet 12. Referring now to Figure 4, like reference characters represent corresponding parts throughout the several views to describe a CMC bridge member 167 constructed in accordance with another exemplary embodiment. The CMC bridge member 167 includes a main body 170 that includes an outer surface 172 and an inner surface 173 that defines an inlet portion 176 and an outlet portion 177. The CMC bridge member 167 includes a first flange 180 disposed on the inlet portion 176. The first flange 180 is secured to the transition piece outlet 31 via a mechanical fastener 181. The CMC bridge member 167 further includes a second flange 183 disposed on the outlet portion 177. In the illustrated exemplary embodiment, the transition piece 10 includes an air passage 185 disposed at the transition piece outlet 31. The air channel 185 conducts a cooling fluid, e.g. Compressor outlet air, on the first flange 180 to reduce temperatures of the CMC bridge element 167. As further illustrated in FIG. 4, an elastic seal 187 extends between the outlet portion 177 and the turbine portion inlet 12 to prevent compressor discharge air from flowing around the combustion chamber and entering the turbine inlet 12. Referring now to Figure 5, like reference characters represent corresponding parts throughout the several views to describe a CMC bridge member 197 constructed in accordance with yet another exemplary embodiment. The CMC bridge member 197 includes a main body 200 that includes an outer surface 204 and an inner surface 205 that defines an inlet portion 209 and an outlet portion 210. The CMC bridge member 167 includes a first flange 214 disposed on the inlet portion 209 and a second flange 217 disposed on the outlet portion 210. The second flange 217 is secured to the turbine section inlet 12 via a fastener 220. The fastener 220 includes a slide connector (not illustrated) that engages an associated structure on the turbine section 4. The CMC bridge member 197 further includes an elastic seal 224 extending between the inlet portion 209 and the transition piece outlet 31 to prevent compressor discharge air from flowing around the combustion chamber and entering the turbine inlet 12. At this point, it should be understood that the CMC bridge elements according to the exemplary embodiments provide a seal between the transition piece / turbine section boundary to limit and / or prevent compressor exit air from entering the turbine inlet , The transition piece / turbine section interface is usually exposed to high temperatures and thus requires cooling to extend component life. In contrast, the present invention provides a bridge made of CMC materials that are capable of withstanding high temperatures without compromising. By using the CMC bridge elements according to the exemplary embodiments, the need for cooling air flow at the transition piece / turbine section interface is significantly reduced, thereby improving turbomachinery efficiency. The reduced cooling flow provides additional flow that can be used to extract work from the turbine. While the invention has been described in detail in connection with only a limited number of embodiments, it should be readily understood that the invention is not limited to such disclosed embodiments. LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS [0020]<Tb> 2 <September> turbomachinery<Tb> 4 <September> turbine section<Tb> 6 <September> combustion chamber<Tb> 10 <September> transition piece<Tb> 12 <September> turbine section inlet<Tb> 14 <September> end wall<tb> 16 <SEP> First Stage (4)<tb> 17 <SEP> First stage vane<Tb> 18 <September> combustion gases<tb> 19 <SEP> First Stage Blade (Downstream)<tb> 21 <SEP> wave (not illustrated)<Tb> 30 <September> transition piece inlet<Tb> 31 <September> Übergangsstückauslass<tb> 37 <SEP> Compressor outlet air (axial flow)<Tb> 40 <September> impeller clearance section<Tb> 47 <September> Bridge<Tb> 48 <September> CMC<tb> 54 <SEP> First bridge element<tb> 55 <SEP> Second bridge element<tb> 56, 59, 123, 170, 200 <SEP> main body<tb> 57, 60, 130, 172, 204 <SEP> Outer surface (54)<tb> 58, 61, 131, 173, 205 <SEP> Inner surface (54)<tb> 64, 66 <SEP> Flow Management, Guiding Device (55)<tb> 68, 71, 134, 176, 209 <SEP> inlet section (54)<tb> 69, 72, 135, 177, 210 <SEP> Outlet Section (55)<tb> 76 <SEP> First section<tb> 77, 140, 180, 214 <SEP> First flange<tb> 79 <SEP> Second Section<tb> 82 <SEP> Third Section<tb> 85 <SEP> Fourth Section<tb> 88 <SEP> Fifth Section<tb> 89, 143, 183, 217 <SEP> Second flange<tb> 90, 91, 147, 220 <SEP> Fastener<tb> 96 <SEP> Mechanical fastener<tb> 98, 99 <SEP> Mounting element<tb> 104, 106, 187, 224 <SEP> Elastic Seal (54)<tb> 116, 167, 197 <SEP> CMC Bridge Element<Tb> 118 <September> retaining ring<tb> 149 <SEP> Dovetailed section<tb> 154 <SEP> First elastic seal<tb> 157 <SEP> Second elastic seal<tb> 181 <SEP> Mechanical fastener<Tb> 185 <September> air duct
权利要求:
Claims (10) [1] 1. Turbomachine (2), comprising:a turbine section (4) containing a turbine inlet (12);a transition piece (10) including a transition piece inlet (30) and a transition piece outlet (31); andat least one ceramic matrix composite bridge member (116, 167, 197) interconnecting the transition piece outlet (31) and the turbine inlet (12). [2] The turbomachine (2) of claim 1, wherein the ceramic matrix composite bridge member (116, 167, 197) has an outer surface (57, 60, 130, 172, 204) and an inner surface (58, 61, 131, 173, 205 In operation, the combustion gas (18) flowing from the transition piece (10) into the turbine section (4) faces and faces, the inner surface (58, 61, 131, 173, 205) comprising a flow guide (64, 66 ) adapted to direct combustion gases (18) into the turbine inlet (12). [3] The turbomachine (2) of claim 2, wherein the flow directing means (64, 66) is arranged and arranged to direct combustion gases (18) from a portion of an end wall (14) of the turbine inlet (12). [4] The turbomachine (2) of claim 1, wherein said at least one ceramic matrix composite bridge member (116, 167, 197) comprises a main body (56, 59, 123, 170, 200) having an inlet portion (68, 71, 134 , 176, 209) operatively connected to the transition piece (10) and an outlet portion (69, 72, 135, 177, 210) operatively connected to the turbine portion (4). [5] The turbomachine (2) of claim 4, wherein the at least one ceramic matrix composite bridge member (116, 167, 197) includes a first flange (77, 140, 180, 214) attached to the inlet portion (68, 71, 134, 176, 209) and a second flange (89, 143, 183, 217) disposed on the outlet portion (69, 72, 135, 177, 210). [6] A turbomachine (2) according to claim 5, wherein either the first flange (180, 214) is attached to the combustion chamber (6) or the second flange (183, 217) is attached to the turbine section (4). [7] 7. A turbomachine (2) according to claim 6, further comprising a sealing member (187, 224) disposed between the second flange (183) and the turbine section (4), provided that the first flange (180) on the combustion chamber (6 ), or disposed between the first flange (214) and the transition piece (10), as long as the second flange (217) is fixed to the turbine section (4). [8] The turbomachine (2) of claim 5 wherein the at least one ceramic matrix composite bridge member (116, 167, 197) includes a fastener (147) disposed between the first (140) and second flanges (143) of the main body (123) projects radially outwards. [9] The turbomachine (2) of claim 8, further comprising: a retaining ring (118) operatively connected to the turbine section (4), the at least one bridge element (116) being secured to the retaining ring (118) via the fastener (147) ) is secured. [10] The turbomachine (2) of claim 9, further comprising two seal members, a first seal member (154) disposed between the first flange (140) and the combustion chamber (6), and a second seal member (157) interposed between the second flange (143) and the turbine section (4) is arranged.
类似技术:
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同族专利:
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法律状态:
2017-03-15| NV| New agent|Representative=s name: GENERAL ELECTRIC TECHNOLOGY GMBH GLOBAL PATENT, CH | 2018-04-30| PL| Patent ceased|
优先权:
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申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题 US12/889,860|US8347636B2|2010-09-24|2010-09-24|Turbomachine including a ceramic matrix compositebridge| 相关专利
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